World Record Set for Eco-Friendly Solar Cell Efficiency Using Tin Halide Perovskites

[Kennydaswer]

Researchers at the University of Queensland have achieved a groundbreaking milestone in solar energy technology, setting a new world record for efficiency in environmentally friendly perovskite solar cells. Led by Professor Lianzhou Wang, the team developed a tin halide perovskite (THP) solar cell that converts sunlight to electricity at a certified efficiency of 16.65%. The achievement, published in Nature Nanotechnology, surpasses the previous record for THP cells by nearly one percentage point.


Professor Wang, based at UQ’s Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and the School of Chemical Engineering, emphasized the significance of this leap in a field known for slow, incremental gains.


"An increase of even a fraction of a percent in this field represents major progress," Wang said. "This new record brings THP efficiency close to what we see in commercial silicon solar cells but with the advantage of being potentially faster and cheaper to manufacture."


This breakthrough comes five years after Wang’s lab also set a record in quantum dot solar technology. Dr. Dongxu He, a member of the research group, explained that their previous success provided the foundation for advancing THP performance.


"Much of what we learned in developing high-efficiency quantum dot solar cells guided our approach with THPs," He said.


Tin halide perovskites are gaining interest as a more sustainable alternative to traditional silicon solar cells. Unlike many perovskite devices that rely on lead—a toxic heavy metal—THPs use tin, which is safer for both manufacturing and home installation.


However, one major challenge in developing THPs has been the inferior quality of the crystalline thin films, which limited their efficiency. To solve this, the UQ team introduced cesium ions into the perovskite structure. Dr. Peng Chen explained that this addition improved the microstructure of the thin film and reduced defects, enabling the jump in performance.

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"By refining the film quality with cesium ions, we’ve not only boosted efficiency but also ensured the materials meet environmental safety standards," Chen said. "This is a strategy we believe will lead to even better results in the near future."


Professor Wang noted that other labs will likely attempt to surpass their record, and he welcomes the competition. “This kind of scientific progress means better, cleaner technology for everyone,” he said.


The flexibility of THP solar cells makes them especially promising for a range of applications—from traditional rooftop panels to indoor photovoltaic systems. Wang also noted that the techniques developed in this research could be applied beyond solar energy to other optoelectronic devices, such as lasers, transistors, and photodetectors.


“This is just the beginning,” Wang said. “We’ve established a solid platform for innovation in sustainable energy solutions.”